Kekayaan vs Ketidaksamaan Agihan Pendapatan

Kekayaan vs Ketidaksamaan Agihan Pendapatan atau pun Economic inequality (aka the gap between rich and poor, income inequality, wealth disparity)

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--> Forbes ranks Brunei fifth richest nation

The world's richest countries
How does a country become rich?

For these countries in the list compiled by Forbes.com, it would appear that natural resources is an edge when it comes to producing wealth.

Countries on the list such as Brunei, Kuwait, and Qatar have used their extensive oil, natural gas, or petroleum supplies.

Other countries, like Singapore show that if you don't have it, you have to do something despite what you don't have.

The Forbes list was ranked by comparing the GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power (PPP-adjusted GDP) for 182 countries based on the latest figures from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), from the year 2010. This measure, which economists prefer, considers the relative cost of living and inflation as compared to just using exchange rates.

However, an economist gave a caveat, saying any GDP comparisons are misleading, which is also partly because the quality of goods per country do vary. Wealth distribution per country may not be equitable, with a rich country having very rich and very poor people among its population.

Dipetik dari - AsiaOne.com

Qatar “World’s Wealthiest”, But What Does That Mean?

What’s the story? What indeed…

No, I mean what’s this all about? Oh, Qatar has been ranked as the “world’s wealthiest country” in a new list compiled by US magazine Forbes, with the UAE placed sixth.

What do they mean by world’s wealthiest? Are you telling me Qatar has the GDP the size of the United States or even China (one fifth of US GDP)? Um no, Forbes looked at GDP per capita (adjusted for purchasing power parity).

Per capita… Ok, so total income divided by its population? The fact that Qatar has 5 people versus a billion people in China presumably helps a bit… Rather. In fact it’s 1.7 million people according to Forbes (although 900,000 if you look at Wikipedia) – and that’s including expatriates. The UAE has between 4 million and 7 million depending upon whose statistics you choose to use to help your argument.

Ok, so is wealth so evenly divided? No, it has a ‘poor’ Gini index of around 45. The Gini index measures how well income is actually divided within a society and the lower the score the better. Scandinavia has a Gini index of around 20. The UK, one of the most unequal societies in Europe, measures about 35.

Four fifths of the population in Qatar are expatriates, a similar percentage in the UAE. Arabs make up 40% of Qatar’s population, Pakistani’s number 100,000, Iranian 270,000, other groups 14%.

According to Forbes, Qatar booked an estimated gross domestic product per capita of more than $88,000 for 2010, compared with $47,500 for the UAE. However, your average gardener in either country is not going to be earning one-fiftieth of that.

So, back to the wealthiest country tag, if wealth is not distributed why use GDP per capita as a reference point for a country’s wealth? Good point, it is quite meaningless used in that way – and Forbes admits as such. What it does show is that both countries have money to spend – those incomes are not stretched to meet the basic needs of their people. And both countries do spend.

Go on… The UAE has been in the limelight for a decade with ith 2020, 2030, etc plans. Qatar has recently stolen the lead with the World Cup, its bid for the Olympics etc. Both governments are pouring money into infrastructure. Qatar is in the process of building a deepwater seaport, an airport and a railway network. The UAE already has a considerably more developed infrastructure – especially in Dubai. Abu Dhabi has just restarted work on its major plans – including the Guggenheim and Louvre museums.

Ok, so who else made the list? The mighty Luxembourg came second with a per capita GDP on a purchasing-power parity basis of just over $81,000. In third place was Singapore ($56,700). Norway and Brunei rounded out the top five positions in the list followed by the UAE, the US, Hong Kong, Switzerland and the Netherlands. Kuwait was placed 15th in the list.

Many countries in the top 15 – although not all – were characterized by having minerals and natural resources, and small populations.

And who came bottom? African nations were listed as the poorest countries – Burundi, Liberia and the Democratic Republic of Congo, where GDPs (PPP) per capita are $400, $386 and $312, respectively.

Dipetik dari - MidEastPosts.com